天目、禅茶与侘寂——中国陶瓷对日本的跨文化影响

Tenmoku,Zen Tea and Wabi-Sabi:The Cross-Cultural Influence of Chinese Ceramics on Japan

天目作为中国茶文化历史上粉茶流行时期的重要茶盏釉色,随禅茶的发展和佛教天台宗对日本佛教的影响,随佛教文化由日本僧人一起携带进入日本,深刻影响了日本的茶道文化和审美,成为历代统治者和茶人心目中最珍贵的茶器之一,是日本茶道中侘寂美学的物化表达,在日本的朝代更替中传承着禅茶的精神。

Tenmoku was the most popular glazing color of tea bowls in Chinese powder tea period. With the development of Zen Tea and the influence of Tiantai Sect of Buddhism towards Japanese Buddhism,Japanese monks introduced tea bowls with Tenmoku and Zen-tea ceremony to Japan,which deeply influenced Japanese tea ceremonial culture and aesthetics. Tea bowls with Tenmoku became one of the most precious tea sets in the mind of both past governors and tea lovers,which is not only expressing wabi-sabi in Japanese tea ceremony,but also inheriting Zen-tea spirit in the change of Japanese dynasties.