无线传感器网络的锚节点优化布设算法

Anchor Node Optimal Deployment Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

在无线传感器网络中,为准确地定位待定位节点,需要合理地布设锚节点。为此,通过理论推导出锚节点与待定位节点构成的几何形状对定位精度的影响,提出区域定位误差均界这一布设性能评价指标。分析锚节点布设质心、几何形状、几何面积对区域定位精度的作用,据此给出静态锚节点优化布设的启发式算法,并与传统的锚节点搜索布设算法进行比较,结果表明,启发式算法与搜索布设算法的定位精度几乎相同,但计算开销明显降低。

In Wireless Sensor Network（WSN）,in order to locate the nodes accurately,it is needed to deploy anchor nodes reasonably. The influence on positioning accuracy of geometry formed by anchor nodes and positioned nodes is derived in theory. This paper proposes the concept of average area localization error bound as the evaluation criterion of placement performance. The effect of deployment centroid,geometry and geometric area on area location accuracy of the anchor node is analyzed. Based on this,a heuristic algorithm for optimal deployment of static anchor nodes is given.Simulation results show that,compared with classical anchor node search deployment algorithm,the localization accuracy is similar while the computation cost of the proposed algorithm is reduced significantly.