城市居民通勤行为与感知的空间特征研究——以福州市主城区为例

Spatial charactersitics of residential commuting behavior and perception——Evidence from Fuzhou city, China

通勤是城市道路的主要功能之一,然而过于集中的通勤造成各种交通问题。现阶段,我国二线城市的高峰期拥堵问题也愈发严峻。以我国沿海城市福州市为例,对城区居民的通勤行为及通勤感知进行问卷调查,分析福州市城区居民通勤特征。研究表明:从通勤行为来看,居民通勤时间和距离以中等水平为主,随着通勤时间和距离的增加,通勤方式逐渐从步行向助力车再向公交车、私家车过渡,职住分布的空间失配进一步带来通勤流的空间集聚,是高峰期交通拥堵的主要原因;从通勤感知来看,交通意象中标志物和区域的可意象性很小,节点的可意象性最大,满意度呈现由外围向中心递减的空间结构,并深受样本属性影响。

Commute is one of the main functions of urban roads, and separationbetween workplace and residence is the main cause of traffic congestion. Atthis stage, the problem of congestion in second-tier cities in China isbecoming more and more serious. Taking Fuzhou, a coastal city in China as anexample, after the questionnaire surveys of the commuting behavior andcommuting perception of urban residents and analyzes the spatialcharacteristics of residents＇ commutes in Fuzhou city. Research shows thatmiddle distance is the main range of the commuting behavior, and a significantdifference was found under different commuting distance, with the increase ofcommuting distance, commuter gradually from walking to the moped and again tomake the transition to buses, cars, there is an obvious distribution mismatchbetween workplace and residence and an apparent agglomeration of commuter flowbecause of the influence of urban spatial structure; at the point of commutingperception, the imagery of markers and area numbers are few, the nodes aremore than that, satisfaction is decreasing from the periphery to the center,and affected by sample properties.