姜黄素和地衣芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化功能、肠道微生物数量和免疫器官指数的影响

Effects of Curcumin and Bacillus licheniformis on Growth Performance,Serum Antioxidant Function,Intestinal Microbe Counts and Immune Organ Indexes of Broilers

本试验旨在研究姜黄素和地衣芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化功能、肠道微生物数量和免疫器官指数的影响。选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡450只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加35 mg/kg抗生素(D1组)、200 mg/kg姜黄素(D2组)、100 mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(D3组)和200 mg/kg姜黄素+100 mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(D4组)的试验饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,各试验组平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),D1组平均日增重及末重均显著高于D2、D3组(P<0.05),而与D4组差异不显著(P>0.05);D1、D4组料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)与对照组和D1组相比,D2、D3和D4组均能显著提高血清中的超氧化物歧化酶(D3组除外)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和溶菌酶活性(P<0.05);D2、D3和D4组血清中丙二醛含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,D4组肠道中乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著升高(P<0.05),各试验组间无显著差异(P>0.05);D1和D4组肠道中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,D4组的脾脏和法氏囊指数显著升高(P<0.05)。结果提示,姜黄素和地衣芽孢杆菌单独或联合使用均能提高肉鸡的生长性能和免疫功能及肠道微生物环境,联合使用的效果要优于单独使用,二者之间存在一定的协同作用。

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of curcumin and Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, serum antioxidant function, intestinal microbe counts and immune organ indexes of broilers. A total of 450 Arbor Acres （AA） broilers at one day age were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate. The broilers of control group were fed a basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 35 mg/kg antibiotic （D1 group）, 200 mg/kg curcumin （D2 group）, 100 mg/kg Bacillus licheniformis （D3 group） and 100 mg/kg Bacillus licheniformis ＋200 mg/kg curcumin （D4 group）, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows： 1） compared with control group, average daily gain （ADG） of experimental groups was significantly increased （ P 〈0.05）; ADG and final weight of D1 group were significantly higher than those of D2 and D3 groups （ P 〈0.05）, but had no significant differences compared with D4 group （ P 〈0.05）; feed to gain ratio of D1 and D4 groups was significantly lower than that of control group （ P 〈0.05）. 2） Compared with D1 group and control group, serum activities of lysozyme （LZM）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） （except D3 group） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） were significantly increased in D2, D3 and D4 groups （ P 〈0.05）; serum malondialdehyde （MDA） content of D2, D3 and D4 groups was significantly lower than that of control group （ P 〈0.05）. 3） Compared with control group, the counts of Lactobacillus and Bacillus bifidus in intestinal of D4 group were significantly increased （ P 〈0.05）, but there were no significant differences among experimental groups （ P 〉0.05）; the counts of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in intestinal of D1 and D4 groups were significantly decreased （ P 〈0.05）. 4） Compared with control group, spleen and bursa of Fabricius indexes of D4 group were significantly increased （ P 〈0.05）. The results indicate that the addition of curcumin and Bacillus licheniformis alone or combined in diets can improve growth performance, immune function and intestinal microbial environment of broilers, and the combination effect is better than alone effect, which suggests a synergistic reaction between them.