苹果种质及杂种对炭疽菌叶枯病的田间抗性分析

Field Resistance of Apple Germplasm and Hybrids to Glomerella Leaf Spot

炭疽菌叶枯病(GLS)是近年来在我国各地呈暴发趋势的一种苹果病害。为了发掘及选育抗性资源,以40份苹果品种(系)和5个杂交分离群体的8 000余株杂种树为试材,2016~2017年连续2 a进行了GLS田间抗性鉴定。结果表明:不同苹果种质及杂种对GLS的田间抗性差异明显,其中抗性资源22份;GLS抗性基因可能由隐性单基因控制;以抗性亲本富士、新红星构建杂种分离群体,有利于抗性优系的选择。我国苹果GLS抗性种质资源较为丰富。

Glomerella leaf spot（GLS）, caused by Glomerella cingulata, has the trend of outbreak in recent years in China. To explore and select resistant resources,intensive surveys were conducted on 40 apple cultivars or selections and 8 000 seedlings derived from five crosses between 2016 and 2017 in Changli. The results showed that there was a significant difference in various apple cultivars and selections,and twenty-two resources were resistant to GLS. The resistance gene of GLS is controlled by recessive single gene. Both Fuji and Starkrim-son are resistant parent,and this cross combination is good for selecting resistant hybrids. The apple germplasm resistant to GLS is more abundant in China.