中文文献对南沙群岛自然人文景观的记述及解析——兼论“南海仲裁案”中的不确之说(上)

Description and Analysis of Natural and Man-made Landscape in Nansha Islands in Chinese Documents Inaccurate Statement of “The South China Sea Arbitration”(1st Part)

对于南沙群岛的自然人文景观,中文文献记载内容翔实,且涉及多方面,展现了中国渔民的生计、生活与岛屿的开发建设紧密相连的过程,凸显了中国人的主体地位与所形成的历史性所有权。这与英美文献以航海为目的的"线性"记述、日法"探险"和侵占的"时段性"描述相比,性质和内涵完全不同。"南海仲裁案"在南沙群岛人类居住的"事实认定"上,既不引用中国渔民的资料阐述群岛人居环境,也不结合实地情况探究渔民的生活习性,其认知偏离南沙群岛历史轨迹就在所难免了。通过梳理中国渔民回忆资料以及有关调查文献,剖析南沙主要岛屿庙宇史迹的文化含义,这能在一定程度上批驳仲裁庭的某些错误之论,以还历史本来面目。

For the natural and man-made landscape in Nansha islands,the Chinese documents were detailed and involved many aspects. It showed that the livelihood and life of Chinese fishermen were closely linked to the development and construction of the islands,highlighting the Chinese people＇s main position and historical ownership. In nature and connotation,this was totally different from the ＂linear＂descriptions of the Anglo-American documents for the purpose of navigation,and Japanese and French ＂expeditions＂and the descriptions of＂periodicity＂of occupation. ＂The South China Sea Arbitration＂on the＂fact finding＂of human habitation in the Nansha islands,neither cited the data of Chinese fishermen to explain the living environment of the islands,nor explored the living habits of the fishermen in the light of the situation in the field,so it was unavoidable that the cognition deviated from the historical track of the Nansha islands. By combing the recollections of the Chinese fishermen and the relevant investigation documents,this paper analyzes the cultural meaning of the historical sites of the temples on the main islands of Nansha,which can to some extent refute some erroneous theories of the Arbitration Tribunal in order to restore the historical reality.