社会变迁与晚明娼妓——以“三言二拍”为中心

Social Vicissitude and the Prostitutes of the Late Ming Dynasty——Taking “Sanyan and Erpai” as the Center

晚明是古代中国社会变革的重要时期,娼妓是晚明基层社会的一类女性群体,其出身来源的多样性和生存方式的复杂性构成晚明社会史研究的一个取向。"三言二拍"是明末具有代表性的拟话本小说,书中47名娼妓的生存实态是晚明社会风气变动的佐证。通过论证得知晚明娼妓来源的途径是多样性的,世俗社会对娼妓的认识和品评态度趋于包容和认可,揭示了晚明世俗社会价值取向的多元化,侧面预示了古代中国社会婚姻和两性观念的变迁。

The late Ming Dynasty is an important period of social change in ancient China. Prostitutes are a kind of female group in the grass-roots society of the late Ming Dynasty. Their diverse origins and complex ways of life constitute an orientation of the study of social history in the late Ming Dynasty. ＂Sanyan and Erpai＂is the representative of the vernacular novel in the late Ming Dynasty,which evidences the change of social climate by the forty-seven prostitutes＇ life records in the book. The analysis shows that the sources of prostitutes are diverse and the secular society tends to be tolerant and acceptable in understanding and evaluating them. This reveals the diversification of the secular social value orientation and indicates changes of marriage and gender concepts in ancient China in the late Ming Dynasty.