全民健身视野下大学生健步走适宜速度的生化分析

The Biochemical analysises on the suitable speed for college students with brisk walking from the perspective of national fitness

目的:了解不同速度健步走时人体身体应激的变化,探讨适宜健步走速度,为大学生科学健身提供理论指导。方法:受试者为21名广州体育学院学生,年龄在22~26岁之间,要求受试者第一次以个人最快速度完成近8km的健步走;第二次速度以第一次速度为基准值降低15%;第三次速度以第一次速度为基准值降低30%,实验隔天进行,采用智能手机咕咚APP记录时间、速度及距离。每次健步走前后测试受试者心率、血乳酸、血糖、尿八项、RPE等指标。结果:三种健步走后速度和时间具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。血乳酸浓度不同程度提高,且快速健步走后变化最明显;血糖浓度以慢速健步走后变化幅度最大;快速健步走后最高心率152次/min,且不同速度组间具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:以个人最快速度健步走为适宜健身速度;如以降低血糖浓度为目的,应选择中低等速度健步走。

Objective： To understand the stress changes in the human body during brisk walking at different speeds, to explore the suitable brisk walking speed, and to provide theoretical guidance for scientific fitness of college students. Method： The subjects were 21 students of Guangzhou Institute of Physical Education, who were in the age of aged 22 and 26. The subjects were requested to complete their brisk walking with nearly 8 km at the fastest personal speed for the first time; the second speed reduced by 15% based on the first speed; the third speed reduced by 30% based on the first speed. The experiment was carried out the next day, recording time, speed and distance by using Codoon APP on smart phone. The heart rate, blood lactic acid, blood sugar, eight items of urine test and RPE , etc were measured before and after brisk walking. Result： There was a very significant difference in speed and time among the three kinds of brisk walking （P〈0.01）. The blood lactate concentration increased in different degrees, and the change was the most obvious after quick brisk walking; the blood glucose concentration had the most biggest change after slow brisk walking; the highest heart rate after quick brisk walking was 152 beats/min, and there was a very significant difference among the different speed groups. Conclusion： brisk walking at the fastest pace of individual is suitable fitness speed. It is suggested that brisk walking at moderate and low speed should be chosen for the purpose of lowering blood glucose concentration.