从巴塞罗那到里约奥运会中国10m跳台项目的发展

About the the 10m platform diving development of China from Barcelona to Rio Olympic Games

通过搜集国内外跳水运动相关文献,汇总1984~2016年奥运会中国队10m跳台前三名的成绩,访谈徐益明、李芳等金牌教练,透过奥运成绩的表象,看到运动训练、运动损伤、运动选材、运动心理的实质问题,向"209"进军推动中国乃至世界跳台跳水的发展。结果表明:(1)金牌数量女子多,奖牌总数男子多;双人项目发挥稳定,单人项目除金牌外奖牌数量少;(2)金牌选手夺冠总分呈上升趋势,这与规则的修改、高难度系数动作的高质量完成密切相关;(3)男子金牌运动员一般为16~25岁,女子在16~19岁,这提示我们要处理好运动年龄与早期训练、运动生涯与运动选材的关系;(4)43人次的奖牌选手蝉联冠军的只有4人,更多的运动员要么未能参赛,要么与奖牌擦肩,受技战术、心理、运动伤病的影响较大。

This paper by collecting Chinese and foreign related papers of the diving athletes summarized the China＇ s top three athletes＇ performance in the 10m platform during 1984-2016 Olympic Games., interview Xu Yiming, Li Fangdeng and so on, through the phenomena, catch sight of some problems about sports training, sports injm-y, selection, the essence of sport, towards ＂209＂ to promote the development of the Diving Platform Diving around the China and the world. According to the results of this study, the following conclusions are drawn：（1） there were more gold medals for women and more gold medals for men ; （2） the total score of gold medal winners is on the rise, which is closely related to the revision of the rules and the high quality completion of high-difficulty movements ; （3） male gold medalists are usually between 16 - 25 years old and women are 16-19 years old, which suggests that we should handle the relationship between sports age and early training, sports career and sports material selection well ; （4） 43 times medal championship winner of only four people, more athletes or fail to compete, or brush with a medal, by technology, tactics, psychology, sports injury is bigger.