新泰市2008—2017年猩红热流行病学特征分析

Analysis of scarlet fever epidemiiology from 2008 to 2017 in Xintai City

目的分析新泰市2008—2017年猩红热流行病学特征,为新泰市猩红热的预防和控制提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对新泰市2008年1月1日—2017年12月31日猩红热报告病例资料进行流行病学特征分析。结果新泰市2008—2017年共报告猩红热病例362例,年均发病率为2.57/10万,呈现隔年连续高发递增的趋势。发病有明显的季节性,常年均可发病,新泰市猩红热发病存在两个季节高峰,主要高峰集中在冬(11—12月)春(4—6月)两个季节,占病例报告总数的71.82%,其中以春季4—6月为最高。报告病例位居首位的地区为青云办事处106例,占总报告病例数的29.28%,发病率为4.15/10万,均高于其他乡镇;男性多于女性;男女性别比为2.29∶1。年龄集中在4~9岁人群279例,占77.07%,职业以学生为主179例,占49.45%;其次为散居儿童103例,占28.45%。结论新泰市猩红热病具有发病率高、季节性分布明显,以学生为主的流行病学特征;需加强重点地区、重点人群及猩红热病的病原学的监测。

Objective To analyze the epidemioloical characteristics of scarlet fever from 2008 to 2017 in Xintai City and to provide the basis in prevention and control of the disease. Methods We collected and sorted the related data of scarlet fever from 2008 to 2017 in Xintai,and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics by descriptive epidemiology. Results A toal of 362 scarlet fever cases were reported,with an average annual incidence 2.57/105,there was a high incidence in every two years with a fluctuation trend in continuous increase. The disease occurred all year round and appered an apparent seasonal mode,the main peaks occurred in spring to summer（ April to June） and in winter（ November to December）,accounting for 71.82%.of the total cases. The reported highest cases were 106 cases in Qingyun area,accounting for 29.28%in the total cases with an incidence 4.15/105,which was in first position among villages and towns,male was more than female with a sex ratio 2.29 ∶ 1. There were 279 cases in age group 4 to 9 years,accounting for 77.07%,majority were 179 pupils and students,accounting for 49.45%,followed by 103 scattered children accounting for 28.45%. Conclusion The epidemic charecteritics for scarlet fever included,a high incidence,obvious epidemic seasonal distribution,targeting concentrated in pupilis and students in Xintai City.The surveillance for the related etiology should be strengthened in key areas and susceptible population.