地方人均财政医疗卫生支出空间非均等化研究——基于相对剥夺理论的视角

A Study on the Spatial Inequality of Local Per Capita Fiscal Expenditure on Medical and Health Care

文章基于相对剥夺理论,利用个体相对剥夺指数测算了2007-2016年我国地方人均财政医疗卫生支出的空间非均等化程度,在考虑空间因素前提下,利用空间计量模型对其影响因素进行实证研究。结果表明:各省市区人均财政医疗卫生支出与其相对剥夺指数成反比,且存在明显的省际差异,政府对医疗卫生事业的重视程度逐年提升,从2014年起省际医疗卫生支出空间非均等化程度开始减弱;地区间人均财政医疗卫生支出的个体相对剥夺存在空间聚集现象;地方经济发展水平对本地区个体相对剥夺具有显著的负直接效应,而老龄化则对个体相对剥夺存在显著的正直接效应;地方经济发展水平和人口密度对其他地区个体相对剥夺程度产生显著的正溢出效应,而城镇化则对其他地区个体相对剥夺产生显著的负溢出效应。

This paper,based on the relative deprivation theory,employs the individual relative deprivation index to calculate the spatial inequality of local per capita fiscal expenditure on medical and health care for 2007 to 2016. The paper also applies the spatial econometric model to conduct an empirical study on its influencing factors by considering the spatial factors. The results show that： The individual relative deprivation is inversely proportional to the local per capita fiscal expenditure on medical and health care,which is significantly different among provincial-level administrative areas. The government＇s emphasis on medical and health services has been increasing year by year,and the spatial inequality of inter-provincial medical and health care expenditure has been weakening since 2014; There is a spatial agglomeration of individual relative deprivation of per capita fiscal expenditure on medical and health care between region; The level of local economic development has a significant negative direct effect on individual relative deprivation within the region,while the aging level has a significant positive direct effect on the individual relative deprivation; The level of local economic development and the density of population have significant positive spillover effects on individual relative deprivation in other regions,whereas the urbanization level has a significant negative spillover effect on individual relative deprivation in other regions.