我国少数民族地区人均产出、资本深化与教育不平等——基于改进的教育基尼系数测算

GDP Per Capita,Capital Deepening and Educational Inequality in Areas Inhabited by Ethnic Minorities in China——Based on Improved Educational Gini Coefficient Calculation

从引入曲率后的教育基尼系数估算我国少数民族地区教育的均等性,再应用1991年-2016年面板数据分析民族地区人均产出、资本深化与教育资源分布之间的关系。研究发现:(1)少数民族地区教育基尼系数总体处于下降的趋势之中,其教育均等化程度弱于全国,但差距不断缩小;(2)教育资源不均对少数民族地区人均产出有着负面影响,资本深化则对少数民族地区经济增长有着积极影响,但资本深化对民族地区经济的拉动效应部分被教育不均所抵消;(3)教育资源不均对经济增长的负面影响随着少数民族地区人均产出的增加而增加。

We first introduced curvature into educational Gini Coefficient to calculate educational e- quality in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities in China, and then applied panel data from 1991 to 2016 into the analysis of the relationship among GDP per capita, capital deepening and educational resources allocation in these areas. The findings of the research are as follows： 1. Educational Gini Coefficient in this areas is in general declining, the educational equality degree is lower than the national average, but the gap is constantly narrowing. 2. Maldistribution of educational resources leaves negative influence on GDP per capita, and capital deepening leaves positive influence on economic growth in these areas, but the pull of economy by capital deepening is offset by educational maldistribution. 3. The negative influence of maldistribution of educational resources is increasing along with the in- crease of GDP per capita in these areas.