变译和全译在文化对外传播中的不同效度

Remarks on Shortened Translation vs. Full Translation

在国家倡导文化走出去、增强文化软实力的战略背景下,如何使中国文化在海外得到有效传播是当前学界面临的新课题。文化在海外的有效传播与接收过程涉及诸多环节,对文本的翻译是其中重要的一环,而对文本的翻译方法则直接影响读者覆盖面的宽窄和传播效度的强弱。本文以美国学者拉斯韦尔的"5W"传播模式为切入点,辅以"大中华文库"等翻译工程在英国传播的实际考察,研察变译和全译法在文化传播效度上的高低。研察结果表明,在理论层面和传播实践中,变译的文化传播效度要优于全译。在文化走出去的初级阶段,以变译为主、全译为辅,是传中国之道的有效翻译方法,需要大力提倡。

This paper digs into the communication validity of using shortened translation method and full translation method based on the five communicative elements of subjects,contents,channels,audience,and effect put forward by American communication theorist Harold Lasswell in his "5 W"communication model. Through a detailed analysis of the five communicative elements and some case studies of literary works translation and communication in foreign countries,the paper reveals the contrast of the advantages and disadvantages of using the shortened translation method and full translation method. The paper concludes that the communication validity of shortened translation method is much stronger than that of full translation method. It is advisable to advocate the use of shortened translation method in translation practice for achieving better cultural communicative effects in foreign countries. In the initial stage of Chinese culture going global,the former method should be the translator's chief choice.