水环境中尼泊金酯类防腐剂的赋存及生物降解研究进展

Occurrence and biodegradation of parabens in aquatic environment-a state-of-the-arts review

尼泊金酯类防腐剂(parabens)具有潜在内分泌干扰效应,近年来开始受到环境学者关注.这类化合物使用广泛且具有亲脂性,易通过污水排放进入水体/沉积物体系.本文综述了parabens在水环境中的赋存特征,以及在水环境中的生物降解转化行为,并对今后研究趋势进行了展望.国内外最新文献总结表明,parabens在水环境介质中分布广泛,检出率高,母体化合物虽然可以被生物降解,但在污水处理系统中仍不能被完全去除,尤其parabens卤代转化产物的半衰期及潜在毒性不容忽视.此外,对于parabens在水体/沉积物中好氧及厌氧降解过程中的功能微生物鉴定及群落结构分析还有待深入揭示.因此利用功能微生物开发出污水中尼泊金酯类防腐剂高效痕量去除工艺将是今后研究主要方向,后续研究工作的开展将为今后针对水体/沉积物中这类痕量污染物利用微生物群落进行污染场地原位修复提供基础科学依据.

Parabens have attracted wide attention in recent years due to their potential endocrine disrupting effects. These substances are widely-used and lipophilic,thus readily discharged into water/sediment environment through sewage flows. This paper reviews the occurrence and microbial degradation behavior of parabens in aquatic environment,and proposes the future research trends. It shows that parabens are widely distributed and frequently detected in aquatic compartment. Although they are biodegradable,they can not be completely removed in wastewater treatment plants. Notably,the half-life and potential toxicity of halogenated products should not be neglected. In addition,functional microbiological identification and community structure analysis during the aerobic and anaerobic degradation process of parabens have yet to be revealed. Hence,the assistance of functional microbes on the development of high efficient trace removal techniques of parabens in wastewater should be the main research field in future. These follow-up research work will provide basic data forin-situ remediation on those trace pollutants with the utilization of microbial communities.