水体微量有机物被动监测技术研究进展

Passive sampling techniques for the monitoring of trace organic pollutants in water

被动采样技术是一种待测物自发地由环境向采样器传输的采样方法,相对传统采样方法其装置小、成本低、检出限低,获得的监测结果为一段时间内的环境平均水平.该技术在水环境微量有机污染物的监测中具有极大优势,随水体中新型污染物的不断出现,被动采样技术在水体中的应用范围也不断扩大.本文概述了近40年来对水体被动采样技术的研究,介绍了该技术的发展、原理以及在不同水体中对新型污染物的应用,详细总结了应用中的不确定性因素和校正方法,分析了该技术目前存在的问题,并对其未来发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望.

Abstract Passive sampling,which works on the principle of the spontaneous transport of pollutants from the environment into the sampler, has a number of practical advantages by comparison with traditional grab sampling,including the simplicity of the device,cost effectiveness,low detection limit,and the yielding of results as time-weighted average concentrations. Passive sampling has been successfully applied in the detection of trace organic pollutants in water.However,with the emergence of newly occurring contaminants in water,the passive water sampling（ PWS） technique have been applied more extensively. Here,we review the last 40 years of research on PWS,with a special focus on the development,principles and application of the technique in detecting emerging contaminants in different aquatic environments. Also detailed are the uncertainties and correction methods associated with PWS,before closing the paper with a discussion on the method＇s existing problems and its prospects in the future.