初榨葡萄籽油对高脂膳食诱导的小鼠肥胖和糖脂代谢调节作用

Effect of virgin grape seed oil on obesity and glycolipid metabolism in mice induced by high fat diet

采用气相色谱(GC)测定玉米油(CO)、初榨葡萄籽油(GSO)和猪油(Lard)的脂肪酸组成,高效液相色谱(HPLC)法和Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定CO和GSO的VE和多酚含量。48只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为4组,即正常对照组(ND)、45%高脂玉米油组(CO45%)、45%高脂初榨葡萄籽油组(GSO45%)和45%高脂猪油组(Lard45%),每周测定小鼠体重,高脂饲料干预小鼠在12周和14周分别测定小鼠的糖耐量(GTT)和胰岛素耐量(ITT),小鼠处死后测定小鼠血清的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)以及肝组织白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)炎症因子水平。结果表明:CO、GSO和Lard中多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为58.70%,74.15%和13.76%;CO中VE含量为254.06 mg/kg,以α-生育酚和γ-生育酚为主,GSO中VE含量为697.42 mg/kg,以α-生育酚,α-生育三烯酚和γ-生育三烯酚为主;GSO中多酚含量为43.813 mg/kg,CO中的多酚未检出;与CO45%、Lard45%组相比,GSO45%组小鼠体重净增长、血清中的LDL、FFA水平、肝组织的IL-6和TNF-α炎症因子水平均显著降低(p<0.05);与Lard45%组相比,GSO45%组小鼠血清中的TC、TG显著降低(p<0.05),但各组小鼠之间血清的HDL水平无显著性的差异(p>0.05);与CO45%、Lard45%组相比,GSO45%组小鼠均显示更好的糖耐量和胰岛素耐量,胰岛素敏感性提高。

The fatty acid compositions of corn oil （CO）, virgin grape seed oil（GSO） and lard（Lard） were determined by gas chromatography（GC）. The contents of VE and polyphenols in CO and GSO were deter- mined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and Folin- Ciocaheu. Forty- eight C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups ： normal control group （ND） , 45 % high fat corn oil group （CO45%）, 45% high fat virgin grape seed oil group （GSO45%） and 45% high fat lard group （ Lard45 % ）. The body weights of mice were measured every week. The glucose tolerance （GTF） and in-sulin tolerance （ITF） of mice were measured in the 12th week and the 14th week respectively. The serum levels of total cholesterol （ TC ）, tri- glyceride （ TG）, high density lipoprotein （ HDL）, low density lipoprotein （LDL）, free fatty acid （ FFA）, liver levels of interleukin -6（IL -6） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） inflammatory factors were measured after mice were sacrificed. The results showed that the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in CO, GSO and Lard were 58.70%, 74. 15% and 13.76% respectively. The content of VE in CO was 254.06 mg/kg, which was mainly ct - tocopherol and 3＇-tocopherol. The content of VE in GSO was 697.42 mg/kg, which was a - tocopherol, a- tocotrienol and T- tocotrienol. Polyphenol content in GSO was 43. 813 mg/kg, however, the poly- phenols in CO were not detected. Animal experiments showed that compared with CO45% and Lard45%, the net body weight of mice, the serum levels of LDL and FFA, the liver levels of IL - 6 and TNF - c~ in- flammatory factors in GSO45% decreased significantly（p〈0.05）. Compared with Lard45% ,the serum lev- els of TC and TG in GSO45% decreased signifcantly（p 〈0.05）. However, there was no significant differ- ence in serum level of HDL among different groups （p 〉 0.05）. Compared with CO45% and Lard45%, GSO45% showed better glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, which could improve insulin sensitivity.