小型低温储罐真空性能研究

Research on vacuum performance of small cryogenic storage tank

以真空粉末绝热的低温储罐为研究对象,搭建实验平台,对影响真空度的因素进行了实验研究。研究了5、10和30立方三种规格低温储罐在装砂前和装砂后的抽真空过程中,真空度随时间的变化规律。结果表明:影响真空度的因素主要是珠光砂的紧密度和材料漏气放气。珠光砂填充不实会引起局部漏热,加快真空度的破坏,在填充珠光砂时应使用振动泵。漏气与放气因素影响不可避免,因此在选择材料时应注意材料的结构特性和绝热性能。

Taking the vacuum powder insulated cryogenic storage tank as the research object,an experimental platform was set up,and the factors influencing the vacuum degree were experimentally studied. For three types（ 5,10 and 30 cubic meter） of cryogenic tank,the variation rules of vacuum vs time was researched during vacuuming process before and after filling sand. The results show that the factors affecting the degree of vacuum are mainly the packing density of pearl sand and the deflation factor. Incompact filling of pear sand will cause local heat leak and speed up the destruction of the vacuum. The vibrating pumps should be used in pearl sand filling. Leakage and deflation factors are inevitable,so the structural properties and thermal insulation properties of materials should be considered.