以地市为单位的中国旅游经济发展空间差异分析

Analysis of Spatial Differences of Tourism Economic Development in China Based on the City

收集2005—2016年中国339个地市的旅游总收入,利用基尼系数、水平梯度、首位度等指标分析我国旅游经济发展的空间差异及其变化。结果表明:(1)由于各地区旅游资源丰度、经济发展水平、对外开放程度、交通区位等因素的不同,我国旅游经济发展存在较大的区域差异。随着各地区旅游业的发展,我国旅游经济发展区域差异呈缩小趋势,但依然较大。(2)东、中、西3大区域内旅游经济发展的区域差异呈减小趋势,东部地区旅游经济发展的地区差异最小,西部地区和中部地区的区域差异相对较大,东部和西部地区旅游经济发展结构明显改善,中部地区改善幅度较小,有较大的提升空间。(3)除个别省区外,各省区旅游经济发展的区域差异在减小,许多省区的区域旅游差异进入合理范围内。首位城市基本是省会城市,且大部分省区首位城市没有发生变化,二城市首位度和四城市首位度呈下降趋势。

This paper collected the total tourism revenue of 339 cities in China from 2005 to 2016,and Gini coefficient,horizontal gradient,primacy index and other indicators were used to analyze the spatial differences and changes of tourism economic development.The results showed that：（1）： Because of the abundance of tourism resources,the level of economic development,the degree of opening to the outside world and the location of transportation,great regional differences were seen in the development of China＇s tourism economy.With the development of tourism in different regions,the regional differences of tourism economic development were decreasing in China,but the regional differences of tourism economic development remained large relatively.（2）The regional differences of tourism economic development showed a decreasing trend in the East,West and Central China,the regional differences of tourism economic development were the smallest in eastern China,followed by the western region,and the regional differences were relatively large in the central region. The economic structureof tourism improved significantly in the eastern and western regions,the improvement was relatively small in the central region,and there was a lot of room for improvement.（3） Except for several provinces,the regional differences of tourism economic development were decreasing in each province,and the tourism differences reached a reasonable range in many provinces. The primacy city was basically the capital city of the province,and the primacy city did not changed in the most provinces,while the primacy ratio of the two-city and four-city indicators showed a downward trend.