试论古巴比伦法中的财产保护原则——以《汉穆拉比法典》为中心

On the Principles of Property Protection in Babylon Law——Taking "Hammurabi Code" as the center

财产作为重要的生产资料在人类社会得以延续发展的过程中起着十分重要的作用,而对于财产的相关保护原则在古代西亚已初见端倪。通过对《汉穆拉比法典》中财产所有权、经营与交易过程中的财产保护、国家赔偿法则与财产权以及债务关系中的财产保护原则的探讨。从中可以看出无论是国家还是个人,在涉及私有财产的处理方式上都是十分严谨的;他们采取包括法律在内的各种手段来保障、维护自己的私有财产,其中所衍生出的契约精神与法律观念对后世产生了深远的影响。

As an important means of production, property plays an important role in the process of the continued development of human society, and the principle of relevant protection of property has already begun to take shape in ancient West Asia. Through the discussion of the property rights in ＂the Hammurabi Code＂, the property protection in the process of operation and transaction, the state compensation law and property rights, and the property protection principle in the debt relationship. It can be seen that both the state and the individual are very strict in dealing with private property; they adopt various means including the law to protect and protect their private property, and the spirit of contract derived from it and the concept of law has had a profound impact on future generations.