双创情境下创客空间社会资本形成与影响机理

The formation and influential mechanism of social capital of makerspace in the context of mass entrepreneurship and innovation

构建内外部社会关系网络、培育和利用社会资本,是创客空间高效运行并实现目标的有效途径。基于双创情境特征,研究创客空间社会资本的形成及影响机理。研究表明,社区自治和创客网络社群影响创客空间内外部社会资本的形成。创客空间社会资本可分为结构、关系和认知三个维度,并以强弱联系、互惠规范和信任、共同价值观与愿景等形式,为创客提供知识共享和资源获取环境,促进技术创新和社会利润实现。以亚洲最大创客空间——北京创客空间为例,分析其社会资本形成过程及其对创客创新创业的影响。以促进创客空间高效运行和创客创新创业为目标,从社会资本结构、关系和认知三维度出发,为政府、社会、创客空间等相关主体提供建议。

For makerspace,building internal and external social relationship networks and cultivating and utilizing social capital are effective ways to operate efficiently and realize goals. In the context of mass entrepreneurship and innovation,this paper studies the formation and influential mechanism of makerspace＇s social capital. Study shows that community autonomy and maker network community affect the formation of internal and external social capital of makerspace. Social capital of makerspace can be divided into structural,relational and cognitive dimensions. In the form of strong and weak ties,reciprocity norms and trust,as well as common values and visions,social capital can provide maker＇s with environment of knowledge sharing and resource acquisition to realize technology innovation and social profit. Taking the biggest makerspace in Asia-Beijing Makerspace as an example,this paper analyzes its formation process of social capital and relevant influence on maker＇s innovation and entrepreneurship. Aiming at fostering makerspace＇s effective operation and maker＇s innovation and entrepreneurship,we give suggestions to actors including government,society and makerspaces based on structural,relational and cognitive dimensions of social capital.