外资进入速度对本土企业生产技术革新的影响分析——来自2000—2007年持续经营企业的经验证据

Effects of FDI Entry Pace on Home Firms' Technology Update——An Evidence From Continuously Operating Firms from 2000 to 2007

本文以2000—2007年的持续经营企业为研究对象,从微观多维异质性视角深入分析外资进入速度对本土制造业生产技术革新的作用机制,研究结果表明:外资进入速度能有效推动整体本土企业"质变"和"量变"型生产技术革新,这种推动机制主要通过私营企业实现,外资进入速度过快会对国有企业"质变"型生产技术革新产生显著的负效应;外资进入速度对加工贸易比重越高企业的生产技术革新的影响力越不敏感,外资进入速度对东、中、西部地区本土企业生产技术革新的作用力具有显著差异;资本积累能显著促进本土企业生产技术革新,劳动力要素价格扭曲已经成为本土企业生产技术革新的重要推动力量和支撑;生产技术"被动型"革新已经成为本土企业不得不面对的窘境,全要素生产率越高和经营经验越丰富企业的"被动型"倾向越严重,非要素型成本上升给本土企业生产技术革新带来的负向冲击和危害大于要素型成本上升。

Based on the continuously operating firms＇ historic data, this paper analyzes how the entry pace of FDI affect heterogeneous home firms＇ technology update. Firstly, the increase of FDI entry pace has both qualitative and quantitative effects on home firms＇ technology update, positive effects mainly come from private firms, negative effects on state-own firms＇ qualitative update of technology are conspicuous; Secondly, to the firms with higher proportion of processing trade, the less sensitive effects were formed by the increase of FDI entry pace, the marginal effects of FDI entry pace on update of technology is diminishing; Thirdly, capital accumulation significantly facilitates technology update of home firms, and labor price distortion has become an important drive of technology update; Fourthly, the sluggishness and passivity of technology update exist in the home firms, especially in the high TFP firms and long-term operating firms, non-factor cost rise has more negative effects on technology update than factor cost rise.