乳磨牙发生深龋年龄对前磨牙萌出的影响

The influence of the age of deep caries on eruption of premolars

目的 :调查乳磨牙深龋发生年龄对前磨牙萌出年龄的影响。方法 :选择2010年入幼儿园的儿童,检查乳磨牙患龋情况至其替牙期结束,建立人群的基线资料和个人口腔健康档案。经过资料整理,于2010—2017年间按照乳磨牙发生深龋的年龄,分为4岁组、5岁组、6岁组、7岁组;与乳磨牙无龋组儿童的调查结果作比较。应用SPSS 20.0软件包对结果进行统计学分析。结果:2010—2017年间调查994名儿童,其中男528名,女466名;合计调查上颌第一乳磨牙1220颗,上颌第二乳磨牙1307颗,下颌第一乳磨牙1244颗,下颌第二乳磨牙1253颗。4~7岁上、下颌乳磨牙患深龋时,前磨牙的替换时间较无龋组提前(P<0.05);乳磨牙深龋发生年龄越小,前磨牙的萌出时间有越早的趋势,尤其在5岁之前乳磨牙发生深龋时,上、下颌前磨牙的萌出时间较5岁以后发生深龋及无龋组大大提前(P<0.05)。结论:儿童的龋病预防和干预是关键,尤其是5岁以前儿童乳磨牙的龋坏需及早治疗,以减少对乳恒牙正常替换的影响。

PURPOSE： To evaluate the influence of the time of deep caries on eruption of premolars. METHODS：Children in kindergarten in 2010 was selected to check caries of deciduous molars, then baseline data of population and personal oral health records were established. After data collection, from 2010 to 2017, according to the age of deep caries in deciduous molars, they were divided into 4 groups： four-year, five-year, six-year and seven-year. SPSS 20.0 software package was applied to analyze the results. RESULTS： Between 2010 and 2017, 994 children were investigated,including 528 boys and 466 girls. A total of 1220 maxillary first deciduous molars, 1307 maxillary second deciduous molars,1244 mandibular first deciduous molars and 1253 mandibular second deciduous molars were investigated. At the age of 4 to 7, when the maxillary and mandibular deciduous molars suffered from deep caries, the replacement time of the premolars was earlier than cases with no caries. The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）; When deciduous molar decay occurred in young children, premolars had a tendency to erupt earlier, especially deciduous molars developed deep caries before 5 years, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Prevention and intervention of dental caries in children is very important. Especially for children under 5 years old, caries in children＇s molars need early treatment, in order to decrease the impact on normal replacement of permanent teeth.