强支抗拔牙对双颌前突青少年上气道的影响

Effect of maximum anchorage extraction on upper airway in adolescent patients with bimaxillary protrusion

目的 :利用锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)从三维方向上研究强支抗拔牙内收对双颌前突青少年上气道的影响。方法:回顾分析本院50例予以强支抗拔牙治疗的双颌前突青少年治疗前、后的CBCT资料,测量治疗前、后上气道的变化。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对数据进行配对t检验和Pearson相关性分析。结果:治疗后,口咽和咽下的体积、平均截面积、最小截面积显著减小(P<0.001);口咽、咽下的横截面形态更趋于椭圆形(P<0.001)。Pearson相关分析发现,下颌切牙内收、舌骨后移与咽下气道平均截面积减少有显著相关性(P<0.05);上、下颌切牙内收与舌骨后移有显著相关性(P<0.01)。结论:对于青少年双颌前突患者,制订治疗计划时应兼顾上气道形态,避免造成上气道狭窄,影响患者正常发育。

PURPOSE： To investigate the effect of maximum anchorage on upper airway in adolescent patients with bimaxillary protrusion and extraction from three-dimensional direction on cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT）.METHODS： A retrospective evaluation was carried out on pre-and post-orthodontic treatment records of 50 adolescents with bimaxillary protrusion treated by maximum anchorage extraction. The changes on upper airway pre-and post-treatment were measured. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS： It was found that the volume, mean cross-section area, minimum cross-section area of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway were significantly decreased after treatment（P〈0.001）. The cross-section morphology of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway showed more ellipsoid（P〈0.001）. Pearson＇s correlation analysis indicated that the lower incisor retraction and hyoid retraction was correlated with mean cross-section area of hypopharyngeal airway（P〈0.05）. There was significant correlation in the upper and lower incisor retraction and hyoid retraction（P〈0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The upper airway dimension should be given serious consideration on the decision when closing the space with maximum anchorage in adolescent patients.