汉语句子中过程动词和参与者的英语翻译：SFL及物性系统视角

Translating Chinese Clause Processes and Participants into English: A Perspective from Transitivity System

汉语结构的灵活性和多样性会导致英语译文中出现动作的执行者和过程动词不匹配等现象,让人无法确定动作的真正执行者或者性状的真正承载者,影响人们对事件或事态的正确判断,因此有必要研究汉语句子中过程和参与者的英语翻译。本文在介绍汉语特点和功能语法中及物性系统的基础上,分析和讨论汉英句子的翻译,认为及物分析有助于指导汉英相同结构的翻译,作格分析有助于指导汉英不同结构的翻译。

The flexibility and diversity of Chinese clauses in use often cause the mismatch between the actor and action in the translated version when a Chinese clause is translated into English. This leads to the difficulty for us to find the real actor of the action or the real carrier of the attribute, and affects our judgment of the nature of the activity or the event. This paper explores the nature of Chinese clauses, and offers the tool of TRANSITIVITY System for translating Chinese clauses into English, of which the transitive approach helps translate those clauses which share the similar structure, and the ergative approch helps translate those that do not share the similar structure.