不同饲喂模式对妊娠母猪生产性能的影响

Effect of the different feeding patterns on the production performance of pregnant sows

近年来,国家对生猪养殖的大力扶持使得规模化的大型养猪场不断出现,养殖效益也在不断增加。然而,在猪场的经营管理中,母猪的繁殖性能尤为重要,也关系着猪场的经济效益。本试验旨在研究两种饲喂模式对母猪生产性能的影响。试验分为对照组和试验组2个处理,每个处理40个重复,每个重复1头猪:对照组饲喂模式,怀孕85~94日龄饲喂3.5 kg妊娠母猪饲料;怀孕95~115日龄饲喂3.8 kg哺乳母猪饲料;分娩当天饲喂1.5 kg哺乳母猪饲料;试验组,配种~怀孕94日龄饲喂2.2 kg妊娠母猪前中期饲料;怀孕95~108日龄饲喂3.8 kg妊娠母猪后期饲料;怀孕109~112日龄饲喂3.2 kg围产母猪饲料;怀孕113日龄饲喂2.5 kg围产母猪饲料;怀孕114日龄饲喂2.0 kg围产母猪饲料;怀孕115日龄饲喂1.5 kg围产母猪饲料;分娩当天饲喂1.0 kg围产母猪饲料。结果表明:(1)对照组与试验组(不同饲喂模式)饲喂的母猪,仔猪初生窝重、初生活仔数、20 d窝重、20 d窝头数均为差异显著。试验组仔猪初生窝重显著提高27.32%,初生活仔数显著提高20.45%,20 d窝重显著提高72.42%,20 d窝头数显著提高49.92%。(2)试验组仔猪28 d断奶窝重显著提高57.85%,仔猪28d断奶头数显著提高47.23%,断奶后10 d窝重显著提高51.81%,断奶后10 d头数显著提高45.57%。(3)试验组断奶后7 d发情母猪日均采食量显著提高7.53%,断奶后母猪发情天数显著降低23.62%。试验组饲喂模式,在动物生产性能方面具有明显优势。同时,在母猪配种初期做到了合理限饲,规范减料、加料,同时有效解决了母猪便秘的问题。

In recent years, the state＇s vigorous support for pig breeding has led to the emergence of large-scale pig farms, and the breeding benefits are also increasing. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of different feeding patterns on the production performance of pregnant sows. However, in the management of the farm, the reproductive performance of the sow is particularly important, and it also correlates with the economic benefits of the farm. Two treatments were set in the ex- periment, included the control group and the test group, every treatment included forty repeats, every repeat included one sow. The control group animals were fed 3.5 kg pregnant feed from day 85 to day 94 of pregnancy and were fed 3.8 kg lactation feed from day 95 to day 115 of pregnancy.On the day of delivery, the control animals were fed 1.5 kg lactation feed. In the test group, animals were fed 2.2 kg pre-middle pregnant feed from mating to day 94 of pregnancy, and were fed 3.8 kg the later pregnant feed from day 95 to day 108 of pregnancy, and were fed 3.2 kg perinatal feed from day 109 to day 112 of pregnancy, and were fed 2.5 kg perinatal feed at day 113 of pregnancy, and were fed 2,0 kg perinatal feed at day 114 of pregnancy,and were fed 1.5 kg perinatal feed at day 115 of pregnancy, and were fed 1.0 kg perinatal feed on the day of delivery.The results showed that： （1） In the control group and the test group （different feeding patterns）, the birth weight of a litter, the live birth piglets number of a litter, the litter weight on 20 days after birth, the 20 days live piglet number of a litter were all significant difference. In the test group, the birth weight of a litter was significantly increased by 27.32%, the live birth piglets number of a litter was significantly increased by 20.45%, the litter weight on 20 days after birth was significantly increased by 72.42%, and the 20 days live piglets number of a litter was significantly increased by 49.92%. （2） In the test group, the 28 days weaning weight of a litter was significantly increased by 57.85%, the 28 days weaning number of a litter was significantly increased by 47.23%, the litter weight on 10 days ＂after weaning was significantly increased by 51.81%, and the litter number on 10 days after weaning was significantly increased by 45.57%. （3） In the test group, the average daily feed intake of sows on 7 days after weaning was significantly increased by 7.53%, the interval between weaning and heating of sows was significantly decreased by 23.62%. The feeding patterns of test group has obvious advantages in production performance. At the same time, at the early pregnant stage of sows, there is reasonable limitation of feed supply. Increasing and decreasing feed supply to the sows are being done according to the standard. And the product effectively solved the constipation problem of the sows.