中国流感大流行的百年历史

History of influenza pandemics in China during the past century

流感大流行在过去100年问出现过5次（1918年“西班牙流感”、1957年“亚洲流感”、1968年“香港流感”、1977年“俄罗斯流感”和2009年甲型H1N1流感），累计数亿人感染和数千万人死亡。历史文献表明5次大流行均波及我国多个地区，产生了较大规模的影响，其中1957、1968和1977年流感大流行被认为是从我国开始暴发。流感大流行直接促使我国设立公共卫生机构和流感专业部门，并在科学研究与疫情防控上加大投入。我国应当进一步加强流感大流行的准备与应对，承担流感领域领导者的责任，为全球健康作出贡献。

Five influenza pandemics had occurred during the past century （1918 ＂Spanish flu＂, 1957 ＂Asian flu＂, 1968 ＂Hong Kong flu＂, 1977 ＂Russian flu＂ and 2009 H1N1 Pandemic）, accounting for hundreds of millions of people infected and tens of millions dead. China was influenced by all the five pandemics, and three of them （1957 ＂Asian flu＂, 1968 ＂Hong Kong flu＂ and 1977 ＂Russian flu＂） were originated from China. The pandemics triggered the establishment of public health agencies and influenza surveillance capacities. In addition, more resources were allocated to influenza-related research, prevention and control. As a leader in the field of influenza, China should further strengthen its pandemic preparedness and response to contribute to global health.