基于天地一体化网络架构的临近空间接入网协议设计与研究

Research and design of near-space access network protocol based on the space-ground integration information network

天地一体化网络是一个天、空、地多种网络组成的复杂异构网络,其中临近空间飞行器具有灵活性强、载荷大、运营维护成本低、滞空时间长等特点,是天地一体化网络中不可或缺的一部分.但在当前主流网络架构设计中,对临近空间飞行器研究定位不足,也没有结合应用对其协议架构进行针对性分析.提出了一种基于天地一体化网络体系架构的临近空间接入网,可以根据需要在热点区域或应急情况下临时布设,具有很大灵活性,能作为卫星系统的有效补充.给出了分层自治域网络模型,分析了临近空间接入网典型应用,从实际应用需求出发对网络层、数据链路层和物理层进行了协议设计.网络层采用分层结构网络,通过网络分群,可以最优化网络资源利用,实现动态组网.数据链路层结合物理层进行一体化设计,将信道划分成两部分,分别采用SPMA(Statistical Priority-Based Multiple Access)协议和DTDMA(Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access)协议,保证不同业务的QoS(Quality of Service)需求.

The space-ground integration information networks is a special network system which uses space platform as the carrier to acquire,transmit and process spatial information in real time.Among them,the near-space flight vehicles are characterized by strong-flexibility,large-capacity,low maintenance cost and long hang time.It is an indispensable part of the space-ground integration information networks.However,in the current mainstream network architecture design,the research on the protocol architecture of the near-space flight vehicle is not enough,and the function is not clear.This paper proposes a novel near-space access network based of the space-ground integration information network,which could be temporarily erected in hot regions or emergency situations,as an effective supplement of satellite communication system.Then,the paper studies the hierarchical autonomous regionnetwork model and typical application of near-space access network.Finally,according to practical application requirements,this thesis elaborates protocol design of the network layer,the data link layer and the physical layer.The network layer adopts a hierarchical structure which can optimize network resource utilization and improve the dynamic network management capability.The whole network can be set up quickly and flexibly without any fixed infrastructure support.The wireless channel is divided into two parts in the data link layer,which uses SPMA protocol（statistical priority-based multiple access protocol）and DTDMA protocol（dynamic time division multiple access）respectively to guarantee the QoS（Quality of Service）demand of different services.The physical layer of the near-space access network can be designed with multiple boards,each of which supports different waveforms in order to communicate with heterogeneous networks.