外周静脉置入中心静脉导管带管出院患者健康教育影响因素的质性研究

Qualitative Research on Factors Affecting Health Education of Discharged Patients Carrying a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Line

目的:探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)带管出院患者健康教育的影响因素,为临床更好地开展健康教育提供参考。方法:采用现象学研究法,对12例PICC带管出院患者进行半结构访谈,应用Colaizzi分析法对访谈资料进行整理和分析。结果:归纳出3个主题,即(1)护士因素,包括健康教育时机的选择、宣教口径不一致和未重视健康教育效果评价;(2)患者因素,包括疾病导致的负面情绪、置管前患者焦虑紧张、年龄及文化程度和置管次数及有无并发症发生;(3)社会支持。结论:护理人员应统一规范PICC健康宣教内容,个体化实施PICC健康教育,并及时评估宣教效果,同时可结合延续护理、同伴支持等方式提高患者健康教育效果。

Objective： To explore factors affecting health education of discharged patients carrying a peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC） line and to provide a reference for improving health education. Methods： In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted among 12 discharged patients carrying a PICC line. The data were analyzed by Colaizzi＇ s analysis program. Results： Three themes were found： Nurses＇ factors, such as health education time, inconsistent of nurses＇ health education, and ignorance of health education evaluation. Patients＇ factors were such as negative emotions generated by diseases, nervous before catheter, age and cultural level, and number of catheter and complications. Besides, social support was also an important factor. Conclusions： Nursing staff should standardize the content of PICC health education, individualize PICC health education, and evaluate the effect of education on time. At the same time, the effect of health education can be improved by combining with continuous nursing and peer support.