BAF工艺预处理含微囊藻毒素微污染水源的微生物特征

Microbial characterization of micro polluted source water containing microcystin pretreatment with biological aerated filter

以曝气生物滤池载体表面的生物膜为研究对象,通过镜检、磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）测定、高通量454测序等手段研究了生物膜降解含氮有机物和微囊藻毒素-亮氨酸（MC-LR）的微生物特征.结果表明,低碳源的微污染水源中水生物膜的微生物群落极为丰富,形成了由好氧细菌组成的微生物群落,运行前2周有6大门类17大种属,3？4周增加到14大门类43大种属,还有线虫、草履虫、水蚤等原生动物;优势菌属有球衣菌属Sphaerotilus（2.41%？24.58%）、气单胞属Aeromonas（4.16%？12.59%）、黄杆菌属Cloacibacterium（1.85%？12.39%）、水杆菌属Aquabacterium（1.53%？6.76%）、噬氢菌属Hydrogenophaga（1.12%？5.9%）、嗜甲基菌属Methyloversatilis（0.53%？1.52%）、红杆菌属Rhodobacter（0.09%？1.39%）等.此外,投加0.16%T1菌剂芽孢杆菌后其含量增至1.97%,表明投加T1降解菌后芽孢杆菌迅速生长并成为优势种群,可强化降解MC-LR.

The microbial characteristics of biodegradation of organic compounds containing nitrogen and microcystin LR（MC-LR） was researched with the biofilm of biological aerated filter（BAF） reactor surface as the research object, by the means of microscopic examination, phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA）, high-throughput sequencing and others. The results showed that the microbial community on the biofilm of BAF was extremely rich in the micro-polluted source water of low carbon source, formed the microbial community consists of aerobic bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and other bacteria. In the first 2 weeks, the microflora on the biofilm had 17 major genera and 6 species. In the 3 to 4 weeks, the microflora will increase to 43 major genera and 14 species. There also were protists such as nematodes, paramecium and daphnia. The dominant species were Sphaerotilus（2.41%？24.58%）, Aeromonas（4.16%？12.59%）, Cloacibacterium（1.85%？12.39%）, Aquabacterium（1.53%？6.76%）, Hydrogenophaga（1.12%？5.9%）, Methyloversatilis（0.53%？1.52%）, Rhodobacter（0.09%？1.39%）, etc. In addition, the content of bacillus increased from the initial 0.16% to 1.97% after the addition of T1 degrading bacteria, which showed that bacillus grew rapidly and became dominant population after adding T1 degrading bacteria, thus enhancing the degradation of MC-LR.