冰冻圈水资源服务功能区划研究综述

A literature review on regionalization of water resource service function of cryosphere in China

冰冻圈作为气候系统五大圈层之一,是我国干旱区和寒区重要的水源地和固态水库,对生态、水、环境及气候等均具有重要影响。长期以来对冰冻圈产品及社会经济服务功能研究不足,遑论从地域主体功能角度对冰冻圈水资源服务功能进行区划。水资源服务作为冰冻圈资源的重要功能,是进行冰冻圈服务功能及其区划研究的重要突破口。基于冰冻圈科学、人文地理学、生态学等多学科交叉的理论和方法,重点从冰冻圈水资源分布与监测、地域功能区划、水资源服务功能分类和评估等三个方面进行了研究综述,并提出了生态系统服务功能与三生空间研究相结合的冰冻圈水资源服务功能分类体系和基于冰冻圈水资源特性、供给能力、社会经济发展水资源需求和利用效率的冰冻圈水资源服务功能评估指标体系。最后基于研究综述、已构建的冰冻圈水资源服务功能分类和评估体系,综合已有的自然地理综合区划、地域功能区划等区划实践,并探讨了未来可行的冰冻圈水资源服务功能研究方案设想,为进行全国乃至全球的冰冻圈水资源服务功能区划工作提供了理论与实践基础。

As one of the five most important spheres of the climate system globally, cryosphere is an important wa- ter source and solid water reservoir in cold and arid regions of China, which exerts crucial impacts on ecology, wa- ter, environment and climate. For a long time, there has been inadequate research on product and service functions of cryosphere,let along the targeted regionalization of cryosphere water resource function in arid region from the per- spective of major function regionalization. Water resource is one of the most direct service functions of cryosphere and can be the important breakthrough of the research of service function in cryosphere. Based on interdisciplinary theory and method of cryosphere science, human geography, ecology and other subjects, this paper reviewed the exis- ted scientific researches around three main aspects ： （1） the distribution and monitoring of water resource. （2） function oriented regionalization. （3） the classification and evaluation of water resources service. Also, this paper put forward the cryosphere water resource service function classification system based on the evaluation of ecosystem service function and the division of the ecological-production-living space. Furthermore, on the basis of characteris- tics of cryosphere water resource, supply capacity, socio-economic development water demand and water resource u- tilization efficiency, this paper constructed the evaluation index system for cryosphere water resource service func- tion. Finally, colligating the practice of comprehensive physiographic regionalization, comprehensive human geogra- phy regionalization, ecological function regionalization, major function oriented zoning and others related researches, this paper brought forward a feasible plan for cryosphere water resource service function regionalization, which pro- vides a theoretical and practical basis for the future research of regionalization of cryosphere service function in Chi- na and the whole world.