人工流产术后即时放置吉妮致美节育器与宫腔形节育器的效果比较

Comparison of the effects of placing Ginny IUDs and IUDs immediately after artificial abortion

目的 比较人工流产术后即时放置吉妮致美节育器与宫腔形节育器的临床效果.方法 选取2016年2月至2017年6月在太原市第八人民医院妇产科行人工流产术的患者86例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组43例.研究组患者在手术后即时放置吉妮致美节育器,对照组则放置宫腔形节育器.分别于放置1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月后随访,比较两组患者临床效果、术后出血情况以及不良反应发生率.结果 两组患者的带器妊娠差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;研究组的脱落相关率和因症取出率均显著低于对照组（x2=3.894、6.127,均P＜0.05）;研究组相关终止率为28.0％,明显高于对照组的11.6％（x2=5.481,P＜0.05）;两组患者在术后第1个月时出血量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;术后3个月、6个月、12个月研究组出血情况均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（x2=3.885、6.482、7.358,均P＜0.05）;研究组月经量增加、经期延长或缩短、不规则出血、疼痛、白带增多等不良反应发生率均显著低于对照组（x2 =4.589、7.112、3.947、5.892、7.482,均P＜0.05）.结论 人工流产术后即时放置吉妮致美节育器安全性较高,同时能有效降低不良反应的发生率,提高患者生活质量.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of immediate placement of Ginny intrauterine devices （IUDs） and IUDs after the artificial abortion. Methods From February 2016 to June 2017,86 artificial abortion patients in the Eighth Peoples Hospital of Taiyuan were randomly selected, they will be in accordance with randomly divided into study group and control group, with 43 eases in each group. The study group was placed immediately after the operation, and the control group was immediately placed intrauterine device. The patients were followed up for 1 months,3 months,6 months and 12 months respectively. The clinical efficacy,postoperative bleeding and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The two groups had no statistically significant difference in pregnancy with contraceptive device（ P 〉 0.05 ）. The rate of exfoliated correlation and the rate of disease removal in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group （ X^2 = 3. 894,6. 127, all P 〈 0.05 ）, and the related termination rate of the study group was 28.0%, which was significantly higher than 11.6% of the control group （X^2 = 5. 481, P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no statistically significant difference in bleeding volume between the two groups at first months after operation （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The total bleeding volume in the study group at the 3 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation, which were significantly less than those in the control group （X^2 = 3. 885, 6. 482,7. 358, all P 〈 O. 05 ） ;The total incidence of adverse events such as increased menstrual volume, prolonged or shortened menstrual period, irregnlar bleeding, pain and leucorrhea in the study group, were significantly lower than those in the control group （X^2 = 4. 589,7.112,3. 947,5. 892,7. 482, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Immediately after placement of artificial abortion, the beauty of IUD is safe, and it can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, improve the quality of life of patients, and has high clinical value.