农地三权“分置”的困境辨析与理论建构

The Dilemma Analysis and Theoretical Reconstruction of “the Tripartite Rural Land Entitlement”

三权＂分置＂政策的出台是农村生产力发展的结果,实现土地经营权和承包经营权相分离是农地产权结构调整的大方向。造成现有三权＂分置＂改革困境的原因有三：一是西方产权理论无法适应我国传统的罗马法权利派生结构,二是现有学界的研究路径存在逻辑错误,三是学界并未认真反思＂集体所有＂的公法特性。本文借鉴英国历史上的土地＂保有权＂制度,并结合我国特有的农地产权结构,提出建立基于＂占有权＂为＂母权利＂的新型农地权利派生制度。

＂The Tripartite Rural Land Entitlement＂ is the consequence of the development of rural productivity. The dilemma of ＂ the Tripartite Rural Land Entitlement ＂ is caused by three reasons. Firstly,the western property rights theory cannot adapt to the traditional Roman law derived structure. Secondly,there are logic errors in the research paths of the existing academic circles. Thirdly,the research field of ＂the Tripartite Rural Land Entitlement＂is too narrow. We can learn from the seisin system in British and consider the unique structure of farmland property rights in China. Then we can build a new property rights system based on ＂tenure＂.