同源中药大腹皮与槟榔中4种生物碱的含量比较研究

Comparative study on contents of four alkaloids in homologous herbal medicines——Arecae Pericarpium and Arecae Semen

该研究建立了大腹皮（槟榔果皮）及槟榔（槟榔种子）药材中4种生物碱类成分（槟榔碱、去甲槟榔碱、槟榔次碱、去甲槟榔次碱）HPLC同步测定方法,并对槟榔不同药用部位的生物碱含量进行比较。色谱条件为：Welch SCX（4.6 mm×250mm,5μm）色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液（浓氨水调节pH 3.85~3.90）50∶50,流速0.5 m L·min^-1,柱温35℃,检测波长215 nm。通过对7批槟榔及10批大腹皮进行含量测定结果分析,显示槟榔种子（即槟榔药材）部位的4种生物碱质量分数（槟榔次碱0.020%~0.045%,去甲槟榔次碱0.031%~0.086%,槟榔碱0.194%~0.346%,去甲槟榔碱0.065%~0.094%）均高于槟榔果皮（即大腹皮）部位（槟榔次碱0.010%~0.032%,去甲槟榔次碱0.006%~0.029%,槟榔碱0.00%~0.070%,去甲槟榔碱0.00%~0.020%）。果皮中大部分不含槟榔碱和槟榔次碱。提示不同的生物碱种类和含量限度可用于区分槟榔的不同药用部位,槟榔碱、去甲槟榔碱、槟榔次碱、去甲槟榔次碱可作为槟榔药材的质量控制指标,而大腹皮则应控制槟榔次碱及去甲槟榔次碱的含量。

To establish a high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） method for simultaneous determination of four alkaloids（arecoline,guvacoline,arecaidine,and guvacine） in Arecae Pericarpium（AP） and Arecae Semen（AS）,and compare the contents of these four alkaloids between different medicinal parts. The chromatographic conditions were as follows： Welch SCX（4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm） column,with acetonitrile-0. 2% phosphoric acid solution（adjusted to pH 3. 85-3. 90 with ammonium hydroxide） at 50∶ 50 as the mobile phase,at a flow rate of 0. 5 m L·min^-1. The column temperature was set at 35 ℃,and the detection wavelength was 215 nm. The results of content determination in 7 batches of AS and 10 batches of AP showed that,the contents of 4 alkaloids in AS（arecaidine 0. 020%-0. 045%,guvacine 0. 031%-0. 086%,arecoline 0. 194%-0. 346%,and guvacoline 0. 065%-0. 094%） were generally higher than those in AP（arecaidine 0. 10%-0. 032%,guvacine 0. 006%-0. 029% arecoline 0. 00%-0. 070%,and guvacoline0. 00%-0. 020%）,and most of the APs had no arecoline and arecaidine at all in fruit peel. The above results indicated that different alkaloids can be used to distinguish the different medicinal parts of Arera catechu. Arecoline,guvacoline,arecaidine,and guvacine can be used as the quality control markers of AS,while for AP,only arecaidine and guvacine were needed.