鸡血藤的本草沿革与黄酮类成分及其药理学研究进展

Study on herbal textual evolution and flavonoids and their pharmacological of Spatholobi Caulis

鸡血藤为豆科植物密花豆的干燥藤茎,具有补血活血,调经止痛,舒筋活络的功效,在中国及东南亚国家有广泛应用。通过查阅本草及地方志文献记载,对鸡血藤基原及其药用沿革进行考证,研究不同历史时期品种的变迁情况。黄酮类化合物作为鸡血藤主要的活性成分,据文献统计,迄今已有60个黄酮类化合物被分离得到,按其基本骨架,主要分为异黄酮类、二氢黄酮类、黄烷（醇）类、二氢黄酮醇类、原花青素类、查尔酮类、紫檀烷类、异黄酮醇类、异黄烷类以及橙酮类。现代药理学研究表明,这些黄酮类成分具有调节血液系统、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗菌、抑制黑色素沉着等多种药理活性。通过对鸡血藤的本草沿革、黄酮类成分及其药理活性等方面进行综述,旨在为鸡血藤资源的可持续利用和产业发展提供参考。

Spatholobi Caulis,the vine stem of Spatholobus suberectus and widely used in China and Southeast Asian nations,has the effects on nourishing the blood and promoting blood flow,regulating menstruation and relieving pain,and invigorating the nerves.Through consulting the herbal textual and local chronicles,we summarized the original textual research and medicinal evolution on Spatholobi Caulis to analyze the changes of varieties in different historical periods. Further,the major active ingredient in Spatholobi Caulis was discussed. According to the literature to date,60 flavonoids compounds have been isolated and could be divided into isoflavones,dihydroflavones,flavanols,dihydroflavonols,procyaninides,chalcones,pterocarpans,isoflavanols,isoflavanones and aurone according to their molecular structures. These indicative ingredients in Spatholobi Caulis showed pharmacological activities on regulation of the blood system,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-virus,anti-bacteria and inhibition of melanin deposition. This review will provide reference and basis for the sustainable use of resources and industry development on Spatholobi Caulis.