胡适新诗理论中的言物、说理与叙事

The Implication of Things,Exposition of Reason and Emphasis on Narrative in Hu Shi's New Poetic Theory

长期以来,人们多半是从功利主义角度阐释胡适新诗理论的,而相对忽略了他理论架构中的学术和创新性因子。胡适的理论中确实有写实与实用的成分,但令其这样做的原因主要是出于现代诗学理论构建的考虑,而非是社会政治的需求。这一结论的得出依据两个判断:一、胡适的新诗理论是建立在对旧体诗重抒情、轻叙事传统的纠正上;二、胡适的新诗理论是建立在对西方现代诗歌重"理性"传统的学习与借鉴上。以上这两点说明,胡适试图通过"言物"手法,把"说理"之成分引入到新诗中来,为中国新诗构建起一套以"叙事"为主的全新表达范式。

For a long time, Hu Shi＇s new poetic theory has been interpreted mostly from a utilitarian perspective, yet the aca- demic and innovative factors have been ignored relatively. There are indeed the factors for pragmatic usage in Hu Shi＇s theory, which in essence is a consideration of constructing modern poetics, but not a response to social political demands. Two reasons for this con- clusion： one is that Hu Shi＇s new poetics is based on his readdress of the emphasis on emotion and the neglect of narrative in old poetry; another is that Hu Shi＇s new poetics is founded upon his study and cross-reference to the Western poetics, which stresses ＂reason＂. Thus, Hu Shi attempted to introduce exposition of reason into new poetry by employing implication of things in a poem, constructing a complete new mode of expression that is concerned chiefly with narrative for Chinese new poetry.