接受、尝试与焦虑:民国后期旧式文人心态探析

Acceptance,Try and Anxiousness:On the Mentality of the Old Style of the Late Writers in the Republic of China

民国初年,传统旧式文人一度以"郁郁寡欢"的面目示人,自放其意、自适其所适,结社抱团,以集体共鸣,寻求心灵的慰藉。随着时间的推移,他们也渐渐接纳新事物,缓和对新文学的敌对情绪,并尝试碰触新文化。然而,民国后期时局的多变、民族的危亡惊扰了他们独立而高蹈的清梦,给怀揣文化理想和憧憬潇洒人生的传统旧式文人以沉重打击,使其承受空前的精神焦虑。他们打破安闲的书斋生活、消极的隐逸生涯,融入时代的激流,展现出"入世"的姿态。其心态的变化不仅显露出传统旧式文人自身的"开化"过程,也从深层上暗示出新旧文化最终由对抗走向兼容。

In the early years of the Republic of China,the traditional old-fashioned scholars once presented themselves as ＂melan- choly＂. They set their minds free, formed a group of people, and sought solace in their hearts. Over time, they gradually accepted new things, eased hostility towards new literature, and tried to touch the new culture. However, the post-current situation of the late years of the Republic of China and national crisis disturbed their independent, airy and fresh dream.It gives a heavy blow to the tradi- tional literati with cultural ideal and looking forward to life, and makes them bear unprecedented mental anxiety. They break through the leisurely study life, negative seclusion career, and integrate into the torrent of the times, showing the attitude of ＂joining the earthliness＂. The change of mind not only reveals the traditional liberalization process of the traditional old literati, but also implies that the old and new culture would eventually change from confrontation to compatibility.