浅析直升机飞行过程的力学原理

Mechanics Principle Analysis of Helicopter Flight Process

旋翼对直升机机身的力偶矩是影响直升机飞行稳定性的重要因素.在直升机的起落、悬停和前飞等过程中,旋翼与机身的相互作用会不断变化,此时须合理控制机身合外力偶矩来保证直升机的稳定.本文简要介绍了直升机的发展历史、基本结构、飞行原理和基本分类,并重点分析了单旋翼直升机飞行过程中的机身—尾桨稳定性问题,所涉及的相关力学原理有利于正确把握直升机飞行的科学本质.

The moment of force of a rotor to the fuselage of a helicopter is an important factor affecting helicopter flight stability. During the landing,hovering and forward flight of the helicopter,the interaction of the rotor and the fuselage will change continuously. At this time,the external moment of the fuselage must be properly controlled to ensure the stability of the helicopter. The history,basic structure,flight principle and basic classification of the helicopter are briefly introduced in this paper,and the stability of the fuselage tail in the flight process of a single rotor helicopter is focused on. The related mechanics principle is of certain help to the correct grasp of the scientific quality of helicopter flight.