CRISPR药物递送系统的研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Trends of CRISPR Delivery Systems

CRISPR(clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats)是一种新型基因编辑技术,可以通过对基因进行精准修饰来达到治疗肿瘤、艾滋病等疾病的目的。然而,基因药物存在不稳定、易降解、入胞能力差等问题,限制了CRISPR技术的应用。因此,需要寻求合适的递送系统,将药物有效地递送至靶细胞中,进而提升CRISPR技术的效率及特异性。本文主要综述了近年来CRISPR技术的药物递送系统的研究进展,对病毒载体和非病毒载体的优势、劣势,研究现状及发展趋势等进行总结和阐述,为各类药物递送系统在生物医药治疗领域的应用提供参考。

CRISPR（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats） has emerged as a new gene editing technique. It can be used to cure cancer, AIDS, and other diseases by modifying gene accurately. Some vaccines and drugs can be exploited by CRISPR. However, there were some problems existing in gene drugs, such as instability, easy degradability and poor membrane penetrability. These problems have limited the development of CRISPR applications. So it is important to find proper vectors, which can effectively deliver drugs to target cells, and improve the efficiency and specificity of CRISPR technology. This paper focuses and summarizes the current developments in gene delivery systems of CRISPR, including the advantages and disadvantages, the current states and the future trends of viral and non-viral vectors, providing some references for the application of drug delivery system in biomedical treatments.