开埠通商与近代昆明城市转型(1840～1911)

Opening Trade Ports and the Transformation of Kunming in Modern Times(1840～1911)

云南居西南边地,历来交通不便,省内各城市发展受限,规模不大。近代以降,在英、法两国的影响下,云南沿边蒙自、思茅、河口、腾越与省会昆明依次开为商埠,西方经济势力开始进入云南。1910年,越南海防至云南昆明的滇越铁路通车。在外来经济影响下,云南各城市均有所变革,作为省会城市的昆明首当其冲,市内商业、工业与市政建设均有了新的面貌,并逐步向近代化转型,为辛亥革命后昆明城市变革起到铺垫作用。

Located in the southwest frontier of China,Yunnan was a remote and inconvenient place to reach.Cities and towns in the province were small as development was curbed.In modern times,under the influence of Britain and France,Yunnan began to open trade line hubs like Mengzi,Simao,Hekou,Tengyue,and Kunming as commercial ports.In 1911,Kunming to Vietnam railroad was opened.Foreign economy began to transform these cities,especially the provincial capital,Kunming,whose commerce,industry and city construction began to take new looks.Groundwork was thus laid for transforming the city to a modern one after the 1911 Revolution.