王艮“吾身是个矩”说的身体思想探析——兼论道教身本论思想对王艮的影响

An Analysis of the Body Thought of Wang Gen's Idea of Standard of the Body——On the Influence of Taoism body-centered theoryonWang Gen

明末的平民学者王艮,有感于社会对身之压迫,旗帜鲜明地提出了"吾身是个矩"的哲学命题。围绕"吾身是个矩"这一核心命题,循着"道"——"身"——"生活"这一思想主线,阐发了一种极具平民主体意识的身体观思想。依"吾身"价值如何实现这一问题为基本问题意识,王艮从个体生命价值的至上性、百姓社会地位的平等性与平民主体意识的养成性等不同的思想层面,分别阐发了其身体观思想所蕴含的基本内容。这三个思想层面,虽然视角各异,但是,又一以贯之,是王艮即"身"即"道"的"身本论"思想在形上与形下两个层面的贯彻与运用。王艮的这种身体形而上学思想,受道教身本论思想影响颇深,可谓是对道教身本论思想的心学化改造。

During the middle and late Ming period,Wang Gen,as an common people scholar Who thought that people are oppressed from the society.So he put forward an new idea：standard of body,which connected Taoism-body-living world,how to achieve the people＇s value that basic on the body subject？Wang Gen interpenetrated the Body-thinking from three ways：the value of individual,people＇s equal social status and the consciousness of common people,which reflect Wang Gen＇s idea of body subject.Its philosophy is Inheritance and play on the thought of the Taoist body.