不同开孔大小的黑色地膜对膜下烟生长及产质量的影响

Effects of Black Plastic Film with Different Opening Sizes on the Growth and Yield of Tobacco under Film

[目的]为解决膜下烟人工开孔破膜费工耗时和破膜不及时导致烟苗素质差、高温高湿蒸死烟苗、烟苗成活率低的问题。[方法]开展了不同孔径的黑色地膜对膜下烟的影响试验。[结果]与不打孔地膜覆盖比较,中低海拔烟区膜下烟移栽使用开孔1~2 cm的黑色地膜在移栽—掏苗前14:00可降低膜内温度5~13℃,烟苗成活率提高7.5%~8.0%,烟株早生快发,生长势强,病害轻,大田生育期缩短10~18 d,烟叶产量和产值比对照分别提高4.72%~4.90%、3.40%~3.95%,经济效益明显。[结论]中低海拔烟区膜下烟移栽使用黑色打孔地膜具有可行性。

[ Objective ] To solve the problems of poor seedling quality,high temperature and wet steaming dead seedling,low seedling surviv-al rate caused by smoke hole under membrane artificial rupture of membrane and membrane rupture uutimely. [ Method] We carried out thetest on the effects of different aperture sizes of the black film on the tobacco under film. [Result] Compared with membrane without hole, u-sing 1-2 cm aperture black film for tobacco transplanting at low and middle tobacco areas could reduce temperature in membrane by 5-13℃ at 14：00 fron transplanting to seedling transplanting,and enhance the survival rate of tobacco seedlings by 7. 5had stronger growth vigor and lighter disease; the field growth perod w a s shorted b y 1 0 -18 d. T h e tohanced by 4. 72%-4. 90% and 3. 40%-3. 95% , compared with the control, so that the economic benefit was significant. [ Conclusion] Using black film with aperture at middle and low altitude tobacco area during tobacco transplanting was feasible.