马尾松凋落叶水提液对4种牧草种子萌发与幼苗生长的化感效应

Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Pinus massoniana(Masson pine) Litter Leaf on Four Pasture Species

[目的]筛选适宜在我国南方马尾松林下间作的优质牧草品种。[方法]采用生物测定法研究2.0%、1.0%、0.5%、0.2%和0.1%共5个浓度的马尾松凋落叶水提液对羽扇豆、大翼豆、杂交狼尾草、多年生黑麦草这4种牧草种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。[结果]马尾松凋落叶水提液对不同受体植物的化感综合效应各异。不同浓度的马尾松凋落叶水提液对多年生黑麦草和大翼豆均表现为抑制作用,而羽扇豆和杂交狼尾草则对不同浓度的马尾松凋落叶水提液表现出低抑高促。马尾松林下供试豆科牧草的适应性依次为羽扇豆>大翼豆;禾本科为杂交狼尾草>多年生黑麦草;4种牧草为羽扇豆>杂交狼尾草>多年黑麦草>大翼豆。但是,羽扇豆在不同浓度下表现出的综合化感效应指数都在0附近且差值最小,说明马尾松凋落叶的化感作用对羽扇豆的影响最小。[结论]从化感作用角度来说,在我国南方马尾松林下首选羽扇豆进行间种。

[ Objective ] The high-quality pasture species suitably interplntd with Pinus massoniana （ Masson pine） in southern China werescreened. [Method]The allelopathic effects of aqueous extract from P. massoniana leaves at five different 0. 2% and 0. 1% ） on seed germination and seedling growth of four important pasture species （Lupinus polyphyllus ,Macroptilium atropureum ,Pen-niseturn americanum X P.purpureum and Lolium perenne） were investigated by biological assay. [Result]queous extract from P. massoniana leaves were different among tested receptor plants. M. atropureum a d L. pefect of aqueous extract from P. massoniana leaves at all concentrations. However, although showed aielopathic inhibiting effect at low concentration ,they showed obvious allelopathic promoting effect at high pasture species in P. massoniana forest,their adaptability from strong to weak in order was L. .olyphyllusyM. atropurernnm X in Gramineae, and L.poyphyPus〉P. ameianm X 〉 L.pme 〉M. atouem for the whole.Moreover, the allelopathic effects of L. polyphyUu under different concentrations were near 0, and the difference was the smallest, indicating that L.polyphyllu was least afected by the allelopathic effects of P. massoniana leaves. [ Conclusion] From the perspectthe most preferable interplanting pasture species in P. massoniana forests in southern China.