喷施不同钙肥对魏可葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响

Effects of Different Calcium Foliar Fertilizers on the Growth and Fruit Quality of Wink Grape

[目的]研究喷施不同钙肥对魏可葡萄生长发育、矿质元素含量、果实品质、裂果率及贮藏性能的影响。[方法]选取12株树势相同5年生魏可葡萄单株,喷施3种不同钙肥,以清水为对照,每个处理3次重复,于5月30日、6月15日、7月5日和7月25日生长期喷施4次,以叶片和果面滴水为度。[结果]在魏可不同生长时期,喷施不同钙肥均明显增加魏可叶片SPAD值。果蔬钙处理在成熟时果实单果重、果实纵径和果形指数显著高于对照。钙肥处理提高了果实成熟时可溶性固形物含量,康朴液钙、果蔬钙和硝酸钙处理果实可溶性固形物含量分别比对照高23.8%、36.3%和27.5%。喷施钙肥降低了魏可葡萄的裂果率,其中以硝酸钙处理效果最好,裂果发生率比对照低27.1%。喷施钙肥提高了魏可果实的贮藏性能,减少了贮藏期间果实腐烂。[结论]在魏可葡萄生长期喷施钙肥提高了叶片叶绿素含量,提高了叶片和果实的钙含量,增加了果实成熟时可溶性固形物含量,减少了果实裂果的发生,提高了果实贮藏性能。

[ Objective] To study the effects of different calcium fertilizers on the growth and fruit development,the content of mineral elements,fruit quality,fruit cracking rate and fruit decaying during storage of wink. [Method] Twelve of five-years old for experiment. The effects of three kinds of calcium foliar fertilizers on Wink growth and fruit quality were compared with water as the control. The laves and fruits were spayed 4 times during the growing period. Three replicates were conducted for each treatment. [ Result ] The treatment of calcium fertilizers significantly increased leaf SPADvalue of Wink. The treatment of Guosu calcium （ SAC ） increased significantly fruit longi-tudinal diameter,fruit shape index and grain weight. The content of soluble solids （SSC） of grape fruits treateSAC and Ca （NO3 ） 2 was 23. 8 % ,36. 3% and 27. 5% higher than the control respectively. The than the control,and the effect of Ca （NO3 ） 2 on decreasing fruit cracking wa s better than other two calcium fertitilizers in growing season decreaed fruit decaying. [ Conclusion ] Supplement of calcium fertilizers in Wink growing seasons increased the contentof la chlorophyll, reduced the rate of fruit cracking, significantly improved SSC of grape fruits and reduced fruit decaying in storage.