不同工龄放射工作人员职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis of Occupational Health Examination Results of Radiation Workers in Different Working Ages

目的了解银川市不同工龄放射工作人员的职业健康状况,为制定科学的工作制度提供基础依据。方法 2016年8月宁夏区疾病控制中心对银川市医疗机构92名不同工龄放射工作人员中86名进行了健康检查,并对放射职业检查结果进行了分析。根据放射工龄的不同进行分为0~10年、11~20年、21~30年和31~40年共4个组,以GBZ98-2002《放射工作人员的健康标准》为依据,统计检查结果,比较各组异常情况。结果医疗机构放射工作人员头晕头痛、疲乏无力、记忆力减退、脱发、视力下降、牙龈出血等临床症状和慢性放射性皮肤损伤、外周血象异常、眼晶状体混浊、淋巴细胞染色体畸变以及微核细胞比率,随工龄增加而增高,不同工龄组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长期小剂量X射线对放射工作人员健康具有一定的影响,工龄可能是职业健康危害加重的独立危险因素,必须加强防护工作,制定科学的工作制度,定期健康监护,以保护放射工作人员的健康。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of radiation workers in different working ages in Yinchuan City,and to provide a basis for the development of a scientific work system.Methods In August 2016, the Ningxia District Center for Disease Control conducted a health check on 86 of the 92 radiation workers in different medical ages in Yinchuan Medical Center.The results of the radiological examination were analyzed.According to the different ages of radiation,there are 4 groups divided into0 -10 years,11 -20 years,21 -30 years and 31 -40 years.Based on GBZ98-2002 ＂Health Standards for Radiation Workers＂,statistical inspection results,compare the abnormalities of each group.Results Radiation workers in medical institutions,dizziness,headache,fatigue,memory loss,hair loss,decreased vision,bleeding gums and other clinical symptoms and chronic radiation skin damage,peripheral blood abnormalities,lens opacity,lymphocyte chromosome aberrations and micronucleus ratio,the increase with the increase of working age,the difference between the different working age groups was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion Long-term low-dose X-rays have certain effects on the health of radiation workers.The working age may be an independent risk factor for occupational health hazards.It is necessary to strengthen protection work, develop a scientific work system,and regular health monitoring to protect the health of radiation workers.