地铁站密集人群应急疏散能力分析模型及仿真

Modeling and Simulation on Emergency Evacuation Capability of Crowds in Metro Station

为保障地铁站正常运营和安全,对地铁站密集人群应急疏散的目标和约束条件进行剖析,进而构建地铁站密集人群应急疏散能力分析模型;然后运用Pathfinder软件构建地铁站密集人群应急疏散能力仿真系统,并以武汉A地铁站为例进行实景再现仿真,分析武汉A地铁站密集人群应急疏散能力和瓶颈。仿真结果表明,A地铁站疏散时间远超过最佳逃生时间360s,存在疏散能力不匹配、疏散设备不足、疏散不均衡等问题。针对A地铁站缺陷,提出相应的改进措施,并进行相同初始条件下的仿真验证。

To ensure the normal operation and safety of metro stations, the objectives and constraints of the evacuation for the crowds at metro station are analyzed, and an evacuation capacity model for crowds under emergency conditions is built. Then it used Pathfinder software to build an emergency evacuation capability simulation systemfor dense crowds in subway stations, taking Wuhan A metro station as an example to reproduce actual simulation, analyzed the crowds emergency evacuation capacity and bottlenecks. The simulation results show that the evacuation time of Ametro station is more than the best time to escape（360s）,existing such defects as evacuation capability mismatching, evacuation equipment lacking, evacuation imbalance and etc.Final-ly,the corresponding improvement measures are put forward and verified through simulation under the same conditions.