美国路易斯安那州可持续海岸带总体规划研究

Comprehensive Planning of a Sustainable Coastal Zone in Louisiana, USA

可持续海岸总体规划的提出对降低滨海城市灾害损失具有重大作用。路易斯安那州通过总结长期沿海减灾和恢复工作,提出通过制定可持续海岸总体规划降低沿海地区脆弱性,维持沿海工业和企业长期稳定可持续发展。该规划针对灾害的严重程度提出不同应对场景,通过土地开发与工程营建、降低洪水风险和减灾资金分配等措施,促进规划实施。规划中设计的适应性管理、建立动态资源数据库、海岸信息管理系统等减灾工具和方法,对我国综合防灾减灾规划有启示作用。

The proposal of Louisiana＇s Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast plays a vital role in decreasing damage caused by natural disasters to coastal cities, based on a summary of long-term coastal disasters. This Comprehensive Master Plan includes reducing the vulnerability of coastal regions and maintaining stable sustainable development of coastal industries and enterprises. The plan proposes different responses, depending on the severity of the disaster. The implementation of the plan is facilitated using different measures, such as land development, engineered building, reducing flood risk and allocating a disaster mitigation fund. The disaster mitigation tools and methods designed by the plan, including adaptation management, establishing a dynamic resource database and creating a coast information management system, could be used in China＇s master plan for the prevention and control of damage caused by natural disasters.