儿童真菌性肺炎的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors of Childhood Fungal Pneumonia

目的研究儿童真菌性肺炎的危险因素。方法方便选取2014年1月—2017年9月在该院住院接受治疗的80例真菌性肺炎患儿为病例组,同期在该院接受治疗的80例非真菌性肺炎患儿为对照组,对可能引起儿童真菌性肺炎的相关因素进行单因素检测及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果在80例真菌性肺炎患儿中,有49例有长期使用抗生素史,有48例应用免疫抑制剂药物史,54例应用糖皮质激素史,17例合并Ⅰ型糖尿病,44例合并先天性心脏病。80例对照组中,25例有长期使用抗生素史,有24例应用免疫抑制剂药物史,23例应用糖皮质激素史,6例合并Ⅰ型糖尿病,16例合并先天性心脏病,应用χ~2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示长期使用抗生素、先天性心脏病、Ⅰ型糖尿病与真菌性肺炎的发病有关(P<0.05)。结论长期使用抗生素、先天性心脏病、免疫抑制剂实用、糖皮质激素的使用、Ⅰ型糖尿病均是儿童真菌性肺炎的高危因素。

Objective This paper tries to explore the risk factors of fungal pneumonia in children. Methods 80 cases of children with fungal pneumonia who were hospitalized in the hospital from January 2014 to September 2017 were selected conveniently as the case group. In the same period, 80 cases of children with non-fungal pneumonia treated in the hospital were the control group, which may cause related factors of childhood fungal pneumonia, and were analyzed by single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 80 children with fungal pneumonia, 49 had a long history of antibiotic use, 48 had a history of immunosuppressive drugs, 54 had a history of glucocorticoids, 17 had type I diabetes, and44 had a congenital heart disease. Of the 80 patients in the control group, 25 had a history of long-term use of antibiotics,24 had a history of applying immunosuppressive drugs, 23 had a history of glucocorticoids, 6 had type 1 diabetes, and 16 had congenital heart disease. The chi-square test was used, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that long-term use of antibiotics, congenital heart disease, type I diabetes and fungal pneumonia were related（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The long-term use of antibiotics, congenital heart disease, immunosuppressive agents, the use of glucocorticoids, and Type I diabetes are high risk factors for childhood fungal pneumonia.