闽西地区泌尿系结石发病率的流行病学调查与结石成分分析

Epidemiological Investigation of the Incidence of Urinary Calculi in the Western Yunnan Area and Analysis of the Composition of Stones

目的分析闽西地区泌尿系结石的人群分布特点、发病情况及结石成分类型,结合统计分析结果将更好地为该地区泌尿系结石的防治提供依据。方法整群选取2015年12月—2016年12月在该院接受治疗的泌尿系结石患者653例,对他们的一般情况进行统计,结合红外光谱测定的结石成分进行分析。结果发病率男性高于女性,男女比例为1.13∶1.00,从所收集的数据来看,大多数患者为上尿路结石患者,上尿路结石比下尿路结石19.4∶1.00。其中单一结石成分占57.9%,混合结石占42.1%,含钙结石最多,563例,占86.2%,含尿酸及尿酸盐结石59例,占9.0%,感染性结石(碳酸磷灰石和磷酸铵镁)195例,占29.9%。闽南系人口(新罗区和漳平市)177例,占27.1%,客家系人口(永定、武平、长汀、上杭和连城)476例,占72.9%。结论闽西地区泌尿系结石疾病有其独特的人群分布特点及发病规律,结石成分分析发现闽西地区含钙结石多,感染性结石比率较周边县市高,需引起闽西地区泌尿外科医生的注意。

Objective This paper tries to analyze the distribution characteristics, incidence and types of stones in urinary calculi in western Yunnan. Combined with statistical analysis, the results will provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of urinary calculi in this area. Methods A total of 653 patients with urinary calculi who were treated in the hospital from December 2015 to December 2016 were group selected. Their general conditions were counted, and the stone composition determined by infrared spectroscopy was analyzed. Results The incidence of males was higher than that of females. The ratio of male to female was 1.13：1.00. According to the collected data, most patients were upper urinary tract stones. Upper urinary tract stones were lower than lower urinary stones by 19.4：1.00. Among them, a single stone accounted for 57.9%,mixed stones accounted for 42.1%, calcium stones were the most common, 563 cases accounted for 86.2%, and uric acid and urate stones accounted for 59 cases, accounting for 9.0%, infectious stones（carbonated apatite and phosphoric acid Magnesium） 195 cases, accounting for 29.9%. There were 177 cases of Minnan population（Shinuo District and Fuping）, accounting for 27.1%, and 476 cases of Hakka population（Yongding, Wuping, Changting, Shanghang and Liancheng）, accounting for 72.9%. Conclusion The urinary calculi disease in the western Yunnan region has its own characteristics of population distribution and incidence. The analysis of stone composition found that there are many calcium stones in the western Yunnan, and the rate of infectious stones is higher than that of surrounding counties. It is necessary to note the cause of urinary surgeons in the western Yunnan region.