长治地区40岁以上居民脑卒中患病率及危险因素现况调查

Investigation on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Stroke in Residents over 40 in Changzhi

目的:了解本地区脑卒中患病率、脑卒中高危因素构成情况,为制定当地居民脑卒中预防措施提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法选取长治地区40岁以上城乡常住居民54 111例为筛查对象,所有筛查对象均使用统一的脑卒中风险评估表进行风险初筛,对初筛判定为高危风险的人群进一步进行高危人群复筛。结果:本地区脑卒中患病率为3.83%,其中男性脑卒中患病率为4.55%,女性患病率为3.13%,农村居民脑卒中患病率为4.77%,城市居民患病率为2.75%。多因素分析结果显示:高血压、缺乏运动、血脂异常、糖尿病、脑卒中家族史、房颤与脑卒中发病相关,其中高血压影响最大(β=2.021)。结论:长治地区脑卒中患病率较高,高血压为本地区脑卒中发病主要危险因素。指导居民改善不良生活方式,提高对高血压、糖尿病、房颤等慢性病的认知是本地区脑卒中防控的重点。

Objective：To understand the prevalence of stroke and the composition of stroke risk factors in this area,and provide a basis for the development of local residents＇ stroke prevention measures.Methods：A cluster sampling method was used to screen 54 111 permanent residents aged over 40 years in urban and rural areas in Changzhi.All subjects were initially screened for risk using a uniform stroke risk assessment form and those individuals assessed to be at high risk upon initial screening were further screened.Results：The prevalence of stroke in this area was 3.83%;specifically,the prevalence of stroke was 4.55%in men and 3.13%in women,and was 4.77%in rural residents and 2.75%in urban residents,Multifactor analysis results showed that,except smoking and overweight,all other factors were related to stroke incidence,among which hypertension had the greatest influence（β=2.021）.Conclusion：The prevalence of stroke in Changzhi is high and hypertension is the main risk factor for stroke in this area.Therefore,instructing residents to improve their unhealthy lifestyles and improve their awareness of chronic diseases such as hypertension,diabetes and atrial fibrillation is the focus of prevention and control of stroke in this region.