住院心境障碍患者室内环境色喜好及影响因素研究

A study on the color preference and the influencing factors of the indoor environment of patients with hospitalized mood disorders

目的探讨住院心境障碍患者室内环境颜色喜好及其影响因素。方法选取408例住院心境障碍患者进行环境色偏好测验,采用倍克-拉范森躁狂量表(BRMS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)及自编一般情况问卷进行评估和调查。结果心境障碍患者最喜欢的颜色是蓝色,其次是绿色;最不喜欢的颜色是黑色和灰色。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、发病情况、临床亚型及治疗前后患者的颜色偏好序列倾向一致(P<0.05),在部分颜色如红、橙、黄、蓝、紫、黑的偏好程度上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。BRMS评分、HAMD评分、家族史、性别、神经质等是色彩偏好的主要影响因素。结论住院心境障碍患者偏爱蓝色和绿色,这些偏好与其情绪和心理状态显著相关。

Objective To explore the color preference and its influencing factors of indoor environment in patients with mental disorders. Methods 408 patients with hospitalized mood disorders were selected for the environmental color preference test,using the Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale（ BRMS）,Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD）,Hamilton Anxiety Scale（ HAMA）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（ EPQ） and self-developed general situation questionnaire for evaluation and investigation. Results The favorite color for people with mood disorders is blue,followed by green; the least favorite colors are black and gray. The color preference sequences of different genders,ages,education levels,morbidity,clinical subtypes and before and after treatment tend to be consistent（ P 〈 0. 05）,and the differences in preference among some colors such as red,orange,yellow,blue,purple and black have a statistical significance（ P 〈 0. 05）. BRMS score,HAMD score,family history,gender,neuroticism,etc. are the main influencing factors of color preference. Conclusion Patients with mood disorders prefer blue and green,and their preferences are significantly related to mood and psychological status.